Classical Logical Paradoxes. The four main paradoxes attributed to Eubulides, who lived in the fourth century BC, were “The Liar,” “The Hooded Man,” “The Heap,” and “The Horned Man” (compare Kneale and Kneale 1962, p114).
A chicken is born from an egg, so it stands to reason that an egg would come first. However, the egg is laid by a chicken, so the chicken would need to come first. That's a classic example of a logical paradox.
A paradox is a logically self-contradictory statement or a statement that runs contrary to one's expectation. It is a statement that, despite apparently valid reasoning from true premises, leads to a seemingly self-contradictory or a logically unacceptable conclusion.
The liar paradox or liar's paradox statement is one of the simplest yet most famous paradoxes out there. The statement “this statement is a lie” or “this statement is false” is a paradox because if that statement is indeed a lie, then it would be saying the truth.
This famous paradox is known as the paradox of inquiry, and it states: “A man cannot inquire either about what he knows or about what he does not know – for he cannot inquire about what he knows, because he knows it, nor again can he inquire about what he does not know because he does not know about it.”
Paradoxes typically arise from false assumptions, which then lead to inconsistencies between observed and expected behaviour. Sometimes paradoxes occur in simple logical or linguistic situations, such as the famous Liar Paradox (“This sentence is false.”).
If he shaves himself, he's no longer the barber. But if he doesn't shave himself, then he fits into the target market of consumers he would shave, so he can shave himself.
The Human Paradox aims to counter or correct several contemporary assumptions about the nature of the human, especially the tendency of Western culture, since the seventeenth century, to identify the human with rationality and the rational mind.
“The supreme paradox of all thought is the attempt to discover something that thought cannot think. This passion is at bottom present in all thinking, even in the thinking of the individual, in so far as in thinking he participates in something transcending himself.
Imagine Pinocchio uttering the statement “My nose grows longer now.” If he's telling the truth, then his nose should grow longer, like he said. But as we know, Pinocchio's nose only grows if he's telling a lie. Which means that if his nose did grow longer, then the statement would have been false.
Zeno's paradox Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. In the 5th century BCE, Zeno of Elea devised a number of paradoxes designed to show that reality is single (there is only one thing) and motionless, as his friend Parmenides had claimed.
Fitch's paradox of knowability is one of the fundamental puzzles of epistemic logic. It provides a challenge to the knowability thesis, which states that every truth is, in principle, knowable. The paradox is that this assumption implies the omniscience principle, which asserts that every truth is known.
What is the difference between a fallacy and a paradox?
A mathematical paradox is a mathematical conclusion so unexpected that it is difficult to accept even though every step in the reasoning is valid. A mathematical fallacy, on the other hand, is an instance of improper reasoning leading to an unexpected result that is patently false or absurd.
Olbers's paradox, also known as the dark night sky paradox, is an argument in astrophysics and physical cosmology that says that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe.
The paradox of doing things that are totally in contradiction with our principles and beliefs is probably the most common paradox. Because it is inherent in our nature, it is almost impossible for us to change.
For example, a common paradox in everyday speech is to say "it was the beginning of the end." This statement seems illogical at first, but when looking at the end as something that takes place over more than an instant, it does make sense for it to have a beginning.
The first known paradoxes were given by the ancient Greek School of philosophy at Elea. Parmenides (c. 515-c. 450 B.C.E.) had held that motion is an illusion and that existence is one indivisible whole.
Answer. People who can't trust, can't be trusted. People who are chronically insecure in their relationships are more likely to sabotage them. Call it the Good Will Hunting syndrome, but one way people protect themselves from getting hurt is by hurting others first.
Learning to say yes invites people, possibility, and opportunity into our lives. Learning to say no ensures that we're focusing on the people, possibilities, and opportunities that align with our values. That's the yes/no paradox.